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QUESTION NO:6
Why would a rogue host that is running a DHCP server on a campus LAN network present a
security risk?
A. It may allocate IP addresses from an unknown subnet to the users.
B. All multicast traffic can be sniffed by using the DHCP multicast capabilities.
C. The CPU utilization of the first hop router can be overloaded by exploiting DHCP relay open
ports.
D. A potential man-in-the-middle attack can be used against the clients.
Answer: D
Explanation:
QUESTION NO:11
When you are troubleshooting duplex mismatches, which two errors are typically seen on the full-
duplex end? (Choose two.)
A. runts
B. FCS errors
C. interface resets
D. late collisions
Answer: A,B
Explanation:
QUESTION NO:15
Which three options are considered in the spanning-tree decision process? (Choose three.)
A. lowest root bridge ID
B. lowest path cost to root bridge
C. lowest sender bridge ID
D. highest port ID
E. highest root bridge ID
F. highest path cost to root bridge
Answer: A,B,C
Explanation:
Configuration bridge protocol data units (BPDUs) are sent between switches for each port.
Switches use s four step process to save a copy of the best BPDU seen on every port. When a
port receives a better BPDU, it stops sending them. If the BPDUs stop arriving for 20 seconds
(default), it begins sending them again.
Step 1 Lowest Root Bridge ID (BID)
Step 2 Lowest Path Cost to Root Bridge
Step 3 Lowest Sender BID
Step 4 Lowest Port ID
Reference
Cisco General Networking Theory Quick Reference Sheets
QUESTION NO:17
Which three combinations are valid LACP configurations that will set up a channel? (Choose
three.)
A. On/On
B. On/Auto
C. Passive/Active
D. Desirable/Auto
E. Active/Active
F. Desirable/Desirable
Answer: A,C,E
Explanation:
QUESTION NO:19
Which two options does Cisco PfR use to control the entrance link selection with inbound
optimization? (Choose two.)
A. Prepend extra AS hops to the BGP prefix.
B. Advertise more specific BGP prefixes (longer mask).
C. Add (prepend) one or more communities to the prefix that is advertised by BGP.
D. Have BGP dampen the prefix.
Answer: A,C
Explanation: PfR Entrance Link Selection Control Techniques
The PfR BGP inbound optimization feature introduced the ability to influence inbound traffic. A
network advertises reachability of its inside prefixes to the Internet using eBGP advertisements to
its ISPs. If the same prefix is advertised to more than one ISP, then the network is multihoming.
PfR BGP inbound optimization works best with multihomed networks, but it can also be used with
a network that has multiple connections to the same ISP. To implement BGP inbound
optimization, PfR manipulates eBGP advertisements to influence the best entrance selection for
traffic bound for inside prefixes. The benefit of implementing the best entrance selection is limited
to a network that has more than one ISP connection.
To enforce an entrance link selection, PfR offers the following methods:
BGP Autonomous System Number Prepend When an entrance link goes out-of-policy (OOP) due
to delay, or in images prior to Cisco IOS Releases 15.2(1) T1 and 15.1(2)S, and PfR selects a
best entrance for an inside prefix, extra autonomous system hops are prepended one at a time (up
to a maximum of six) to the inside prefix BGP advertisement over the other entrances. In Cisco
IOS Releases 15.2(1)T1, 15.1(2)S, and later releases, when an entrance link goes out-of policy
(OOP) due to unreachable or loss reasons, and PfR selects a best entrance for an inside prefix,
six extra autonomous system hops are prepended immediately to the inside prefix BGP
advertisement over the other entrances. The extra autonomous system hops on the other
entrances increase the probability that the best entrance will be used for the inside prefix. When
the entrance link is OOP due to unreachable or loss reasons, six extra autonomous system hops
are added immediately to allow the software to quickly move the traffic away from the old entrance
link. This is the default method PfR uses to control an inside prefix, and no user configuration is
required.
BGP Autonomous System Number Community Prepend
When an entrance link goes out-of-policy (OOP) due to delay, or in images prior to Cisco IOS
Releases 15.2
(1)T1 and 15.1(2)S, and PfR selects a best entrance for an inside prefix, a BGP prepend
community is attached one at a time (up to a maximum of six) to the inside prefix BGP
advertisement from the network to another autonomous system such as an ISP. In Cisco IOS
Releases 15.2(1)T1, 15.1(2)S, and later releases, when an entrance link goes out-of-policy (OOP)
due to unreachable or loss reasons, and PfR selects a best entrance for an inside prefix, six BGP
prepend communities are attached to the inside prefix BGP advertisement. The BGP prepend
community will increase the number of autonomous system hops in the advertisement of the
inside prefix from the ISP to its peers. Autonomous system prepend BGP community is the
preferred method to be used for PfR BGP inbound optimization because there is no risk of the
local ISP filtering the extra autonomous system hops. There are some issues, for example, not all
ISPs support the BGP prepend community, ISP policies may ignore or modify the autonomous
system hops, and a transit ISP may filter the autonomous system path. If you use this method of
inbound optimization and a change is made to an autonomous system, you must issue an
outbound reconfiguration using the “clear ip bgp” command.
Reference
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/docs/ios-xml/ios/pfr/configuration/15-2s/pfr-bgp-inbound.html#GUID-
F8A59E241D59-
4924-827D-B23B43D9A8E0
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/products/ps8787/products_ios_protocol_option_home.html
Latest 400-101 Dumps400-101 PDF Dumps400-101 Study Guide
QUESTION NO:26
Refer to the exhibit.
Why is AS 65333 in parentheses?
A. It is an external AS.
B. It is a confederation AS.
C. It is the AS of a route reflector.
D. It is our own AS.
E. A route map has been applied to this route.
F. The BGP next hop is unreachable.
Answer: B
Explanation:
QUESTION NO:27
Refer to the exhibit.
What triggered the first SPF recalculation?
A. changes in a router LSA, subnet LSA, and external LSA
B. changes in a router LSA, summary network LSA, and external LSA
C. changes in a router LSA, summary network LSA, and summary ASBR LSA
D. changes in a router LSA, summary ASBR LSA, and external LSA
Answer: B
Explanation:
OSPFv2
Is built around links, and any IP prefix change in an area will trigger a full SPF. It advertises IP
information in Router and Network LSAs. The routers thus, advertise both the IP prefix information
(or the connected subnet information) and topology information in the same LSAs. This implies
that if an IP address attached to an interface changes, OSPF routers would have to originate a
Router LSA or a Network LSA, which btw also carries the topology information. This would trigger
a full SPF on all routers in that area, since the same LSAs are flooded to convey topological
change information. This can be an issue with an access router or the one sitting at the edge,
since many stub links can change regularly.
Only changes in interarea, external and NSSA routes result in partial SPF calculation (since type
3, 4, 5 and 7 LSAs only advertise IP prefix information) and thus IS-IS
QUESTION NO:32
Which two tunneling techniques support IPv6 multicasting? (Choose two.)
A. 6to4
B. 6over4
C. ISATAP
D. 6PE
E. GRE
Answer: B,E
Explanation:
When IPv6 multicast is supported (over a 6to4 tunnel), an IPv6 multicast routing protocol must be
used
Restrictions for Implementing IPv6 Multicast
IPv6 multicast for Cisco IOS software uses MLD version 2. This version of MLD is fully backward-
compatible with MLD version 1 (described in RFC 2710). Hosts that support only MLD version 1
will interoperate with a router running MLD version 2. Mixed LANs with both MLD version 1 and
MLD version 2 hosts are likewise supported.
IPv6 multicast is supported only over IPv4 tunnels in Cisco IOS Release 12.3(2)T, Cisco IOS
Release 12.2
(18)S, and Cisco IOS Release 12.0(26)S.
When the bidirectional (bidir) range is used in a network, all routers in that network must be able to
understand the bidirectional range in the bootstrap message (BSM).
IPv6 multicast routing is disabled by default when the ipv6 unicast-routing command is configured.
On Cisco Catalyst 6500 and Cisco 7600 series routers, the ipv6 multicast-routing also must be
enabled in order to use IPv6 unicast routing
Reference http://www.cisco.com/web/about/ac123/ac147/ac174/ac197/
about_cisco_ipj_archive_article09186a00800c830a.html
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/docs/ios/ipv6/configuration/guide/ip6-multicast.html
https://supportforums.cisco.com/thread/183386
QUESTION NO:37
Which command can be used on a PE router to connect to a CE router (11.1.1.4) in VRF red?
A. telnet 11.1.1.4 /vrf-source red
B. telnet 11.1.1.4 source /vrf red
C. telnet 11.1.1.4 /source vrf red
D. telnet 11.1.1.4 /vrf red
E. telnet 11.1.1.4 vrf red
Answer: D
Explanation:
Telnetting can be done through the VRF using the Management Ethernet interface. In the
following example, the router telnets to 172.17.1.1 through the Management Ethernet interface
VRF:
Router# telnet 172.17.1.1 /vrf Mgmt-intf
Reference
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/docs/routers/asr1000/configuration/guide/chassis/Management_Ether
net.html
QUESTION NO:39
Which two statements are correct about Nonstop Forwarding? (Choose two.)
A. It allows the standby RP to take control of the device after a hardware or software fault on the
active RP.
B. It is a Layer 3 function that works with SSO to minimize the amount of time a network is
unavailable to users following a switchover.
C. It is supported by the implementation of EIGRP, OSPF, RIPv2, and BGP protocols.
D. It synchronizes startup configuration, startup variables, and running configuration.
E. The main objective of NSF is to continue forwarding IP packets following a switchover.
F. Layer 2 802.1w or 802.1s must be used, as 802.1d cannot process the Layer 2 changes.
G. Routing protocol tuning parameters must be the same as the NSF parameters, or failover will
be inconsistent.
Answer: B,E
Explanation: Explanation
Cisco Nonstop Forwarding (NSF) works with the Stateful Switchover (SSO) feature in Cisco IOS
software. NSF works with SSO to minimize the amount of time a network is unavailable to its
users following a switchover. The main objective of Cisco NSF is to continue forwarding IP
packets following a Route Processor (RP) switchover.
Reference
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/docs/ios/12_2s/feature/guide/fsnsf20s.html
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